<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii"?>
<!--XBRL document created with Toppan Merrill Bridge  10.3.0.9 -->
<!--Based on XBRL 2.1-->
<!--Created on: 8/8/2023 2:08:23 AM-->
<!--Modified on: 8/8/2023 2:08:23 AM-->
<link:linkbase xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance">
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#StatementCondensedConsolidatedBalanceSheets" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedBalanceSheets" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfComprehensiveLoss" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfComprehensiveLoss" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#DisclosureFairValueMeasurementDetails" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureFairValueMeasurementDetails" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#DisclosureFairValueMeasurementMarketableSecuritiesDetails" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureFairValueMeasurementMarketableSecuritiesDetails" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#DisclosurePropertyAndEquipmentNetDetails" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosurePropertyAndEquipmentNetDetails" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#DisclosurePrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsDetails" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosurePrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsDetails" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#DisclosureAccruedAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesDetails" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureAccruedAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesDetails" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#DisclosureLeasesLeaseExpenseDetails" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureLeasesLeaseExpenseDetails" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#DisclosureLeasesFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsDetails" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureLeasesFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsDetails" />
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#DisclosureDisclosureLeaseFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsDetailsCalc2" roleURI="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureDisclosureLeaseFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsDetailsCalc2" />
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedBalanceSheets" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="00100 - Statement - Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_638270573022872522" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_638270573022872522" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_638270573022872522" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_638270573022872522" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_638270573022872522" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent_638270573022872522" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_638270573022872522" xlink:to="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent_638270573022872522" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_638270573022872522" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_638270573022872522" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_638270573022872522" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_638270573022872522" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_638270573022872522" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_OtherAssetsAndLongTermDepositsNonCurrent" xlink:label="olma_OtherAssetsAndLongTermDepositsNonCurrent_638270573022872522" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="olma_OtherAssetsAndLongTermDepositsNonCurrent_638270573022872522" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_638270573022872522" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_638270573022872522" order="4" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_638270573022882518" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_638270573022882518" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_638270573022882518" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities_638270573022882518" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_638270573022882518" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_638270573022882518" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_638270573022882518" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_638270573022882518" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_638270573022882518" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_638270573022882518" xlink:to="olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_638270573022882518" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_638270573022882518" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_638270573022882518" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_638270573022882518" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_638270573022882518" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities_638270573022882518" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_638270573022882518" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_638270573022892514" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_638270573022892514" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_638270573022892514" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_638270573022892514" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_638270573022892514" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_638270573022892514" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_638270573022892514" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_638270573022892514" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_638270573022892514" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_638270573022892514" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_638270573022892514" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_638270573022892514" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_638270573022892514" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_638270573022892514" order="4" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_638270573022892514" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_638270573022892514" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_638270573022892514" order="5" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_638270573022902528" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_638270573022902528" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="00200 - Statement - Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_638270573022902528" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_638270573022902528" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest_638270573022902528" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_638270573022902528" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest_638270573022902528" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_638270573022902528" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_638270573022902528" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_638270573022902528" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_638270573022902528" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_638270573022902528" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_638270573022912693" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_638270573022902528" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_638270573022912693" order="1" use="optional" weight="-1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_638270573022912693" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_638270573022912693" xlink:to="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_638270573022912693" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_638270573022912693" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_638270573022912693" xlink:to="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_638270573022912693" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfComprehensiveLoss" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="00300 - Statement - Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_638270573022912693" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_638270573022912693" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeAvailableforsaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeAvailableforsaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_638270573022912693" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeAvailableforsaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_638270573022912693" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/StatementCondensedConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="00500 - Statement - Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_638270573022922526" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_638270573022922526" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnDispositionOfAssets1" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnDispositionOfAssets1_638270573022922526" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="us-gaap_GainLossOnDispositionOfAssets1_638270573022922526" order="2" use="optional" weight="-1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_638270573022922526" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_638270573022922526" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_638270573022922526" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_638270573022922526" order="4" use="optional" weight="-1" priority="3" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_638270573022922526" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_638270573022922526" order="5" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_638270573022922526" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_638270573022922526" order="6" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability_638270573022922526" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability_638270573022922526" order="7" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense_638270573022932513" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense_638270573022932513" order="8" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeNonoperating" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeNonoperating_638270573022932513" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeNonoperating_638270573022932513" order="9" use="optional" weight="-1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNonCurrentAssetsAndLongTermDeposits" xlink:label="olma_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNonCurrentAssetsAndLongTermDeposits_638270573022932513" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="olma_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNonCurrentAssetsAndLongTermDeposits_638270573022932513" order="10" use="optional" weight="-1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherOperatingLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherOperatingLiabilities_638270573022932513" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_638270573022922526" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherOperatingLiabilities_638270573022932513" order="11" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_638270573022932513" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_638270573022932513" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" priority="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_638270573022932513" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_638270573022932513" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_638270573022932513" order="1" use="optional" weight="-1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_638270573022932513" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_638270573022932513" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_638270573022932513" order="2" use="optional" weight="-1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_638270573022942512" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_638270573022932513" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_638270573022942512" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_638270573022942512" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_638270573022942512" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" priority="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStockUnderEmployeeStockPurchasePlan" xlink:label="olma_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStockUnderEmployeeStockPurchasePlan_638270573022942512" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_638270573022942512" xlink:to="olma_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStockUnderEmployeeStockPurchasePlan_638270573022942512" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_638270573022942512" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_638270573022942512" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_638270573022942512" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureFairValueMeasurementDetails" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="40301 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurement (Details)">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_638270573022942512" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_638270573022942512" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_638270573022952521" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_638270573022952521" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureFairValueMeasurementMarketableSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="40302 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurement - Marketable Securities (Details)">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_638270573022952521" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_638270573022952521" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_638270573022952521" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_638270573022952521" order="2" use="optional" weight="-1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_638270573022952521" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_638270573022952521" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosurePropertyAndEquipmentNetDetails" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="40401 - Disclosure - Property and Equipment, net (Details)">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_638270573022952521" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_638270573022952521" order="1" use="optional" weight="-1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_638270573022962524" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_638270573022962524" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosurePrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsDetails" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="40501 - Disclosure - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details)">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OtherPrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherPrepaidExpenseCurrent_638270573022962524" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherPrepaidExpenseCurrent_638270573022962524" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_PrepaidReimbursableResearchAndDevelopmentCostsFromCollaborationPartner" xlink:label="olma_PrepaidReimbursableResearchAndDevelopmentCostsFromCollaborationPartner_638270573022962524" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="olma_PrepaidReimbursableResearchAndDevelopmentCostsFromCollaborationPartner_638270573022962524" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_ResearchAndDevelopmentTaxIncentiveCreditReceivable" xlink:label="olma_ResearchAndDevelopmentTaxIncentiveCreditReceivable_638270573022962524" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="olma_ResearchAndDevelopmentTaxIncentiveCreditReceivable_638270573022962524" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InterestReceivableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestReceivableCurrent_638270573022962524" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestReceivableCurrent_638270573022962524" order="4" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_PrepaidClinicalTrialCosts" xlink:label="olma_PrepaidClinicalTrialCosts_638270573022962524" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="olma_PrepaidClinicalTrialCosts_638270573022962524" order="5" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_PrepaidSubscriptionsAndLicenses" xlink:label="olma_PrepaidSubscriptionsAndLicenses_638270573022962524" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="olma_PrepaidSubscriptionsAndLicenses_638270573022962524" order="6" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance_638270573022972526" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance_638270573022972526" order="7" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureAccruedAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="40601 - Disclosure - Accrued and Other Current Liabilities (Details)">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_EarlyExerciseOfUnvestedOptions" xlink:label="olma_EarlyExerciseOfUnvestedOptions_638270573022972526" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_1" xlink:to="olma_EarlyExerciseOfUnvestedOptions_638270573022972526" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrent_638270573022982543" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_1" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrent_638270573022982543" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccrualForTaxesOtherThanIncomeTaxesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccrualForTaxesOtherThanIncomeTaxesCurrent_638270573022982543" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_1" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccrualForTaxesOtherThanIncomeTaxesCurrent_638270573022982543" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent_638270573022982543" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_1" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent_638270573022982543" order="4" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_638270573022982543" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_1" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_638270573022982543" order="5" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="olma-20230630.xsd#olma_AccruedResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesCurrent" xlink:label="olma_AccruedResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesCurrent_638270573022982543" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="olma_AccruedAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_1" xlink:to="olma_AccruedResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesCurrent_638270573022982543" order="6" use="optional" weight="1" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureLeasesLeaseExpenseDetails" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="40902 - Disclosure - Leases - Lease Expense (Details)">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_638270573022992539" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_638270573022992539" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost_638270573022992539" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost_638270573022992539" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_638270573022992539" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_638270573022992539" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" priority="2" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureLeasesFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsDetails" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="40904 - Disclosure - Leases - Future Minimum Lease Payments (Details)">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_638270573023012624" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_638270573023012624" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_638270573023012624" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_638270573023012624" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
  </calculationLink>
  <calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.olema.com/role/DisclosureDisclosureLeaseFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsDetailsCalc2" xlink:type="extended" xlink:title="41305 - Disclosure - Disclosure - Lease - Future Minimum Lease Payments (Details) (Calc 2)">
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_638270573023012624" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_1" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_638270573023012624" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_638270573023012624" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_1" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_638270573023012624" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_638270573023012624" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_1" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_638270573023012624" order="3" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_638270573023022539" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_1" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_638270573023022539" order="4" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_638270573023022539" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_1" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_638270573023022539" order="1" use="optional" weight="1" />
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_638270573023022539" />
    <calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_1" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_638270573023022539" order="2" use="optional" weight="1" />
  </calculationLink>
</link:linkbase>
